El sÃndrome de intestino irritable como causa de dolor abdominal crónico
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Objetivo: analizar los aspectos más actuales en su diagnóstico y tratamiento, y su relación con el dolor abdominal crónico.
Métodos: se revisaron las bases documentales de PubMed, Scielo y Latindex y el Registro Especializado del Grupo Cochrane de datos relacionados con el sÃndrome de intestino irritable hasta diciembre de 2017, asà como las guÃas de tratamiento postuladas por distintas organizaciones médicas, basadas en los criterios de Roma y de la Medicina Basada en la Evidencia.
Desarrollo: se realizó una revisión del tema referido a la infancia, y se incluyeron concepto y patogénesis más aceptadas, asà como los criterios de Roma establecidos para el diagnóstico. Se hizo énfasis en la etiologÃa, diagnóstico clÃnico y pruebas diagnósticas. Se analizaron algunos aspectos del tratamiento.
Conclusiones: el sÃndrome de intestino irritable es relativamente frecuente como causa de dolor abdominal crónico funcional, y el interrogatorio dirigido según los criterios de Roma es útil para su diagnóstico. La mayorÃa de los pacientes con sÃndrome de intestino irritable en la infancia deben ser atendidos en la atención primaria.
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