Breastfeeding and Dietary Sugar and Fat Intake in Chilean Schoolchildren

Authors

Keywords:

breastfeeding, intake, sugars, fats, children, obesity.

Abstract

Introduction: Breastfeeding is a protective factor against childhood obesity; however, its association with the intake of critical nutrients in the development of obesity is unknown.

Objective: To analyze the association between the duration of breastfeeding with the intake of total sugar, added sugar and total fat in the diet of children aged 5 to 8 years.

Methods: A cross-temporal correlational study was carried out in 62 boys and girls from 5 to 8 years old and their tutors. Sugar and fat intake was obtained through two 24-h recalls, analyzed with Food Processor® software. The duration of breastfeeding was evaluated by asking the tutors and the association with fat and sugar intake was determined with the Spearman correlation coefficient.

Results: The average age of the boys and girls was 6.4 ± 0.9 years and that of the tutors was 34.2 ± 7.2 years. 43.5% received exclusive breastfeeding and the average duration was 18.1 ± 12.7 months. High daily consumption of sugars was observed (90.7 ± 37.4 g), the average total fat consumption was 48.9 ± 22.4 g. No correlation was evident between the duration of lactation and the intake of sugars and total fat.

Conclusions: The duration of breastfeeding was not associated with the intake of total sugar, added sugar, and dietary fat, critical nutrients for the development of childhood obesity.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Nicole Francisca Lasserre Laso, Universidad Santo Tomás Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética

Nicole Lasserre-Laso Nutricionista, Magíster en Nutrición Humana Profesor Asistente Académica Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética Facultad de Salud Universidad Santo Tomás

Michelle Cárdenas Navarrete, Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad Santo Tomás

Nutricionista

Lissette Urrutia Jara, Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad Santo Tomás

Nutricionista

Jeniffer Zañartu Fritz, Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad Santo Tomás

Nutricionista

Magíster en Nutrición, salud e interacciones alimento - medicamento

Ericka Rodríguez de la Barra, Comité intersectorial de Lactancia Materna, Región del Biobío

Nutricionista

Magíster en Innovación de la Docencia Universitaria en Ciencias de la Salud

References

1. WHO. World Health Organization. Sobrepeso y obesidad infantiles. Washington, DC; Organización Mundial de Salud. 1 de marzo de 2024 [acceso 08/03/2024]. Disponible en: http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/childhood/es/

2. WHO. World Health Organization. Obesidad y sobrepeso. Washington, DC; Organización Mundial de Salud. 1 de marzo de 2024 [acceso 08/03/2024]. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight

3. Ministerio de Salud, JUNAEB. Informe Mapa Nutricional. Chile: Junta Nacional Auxilio Escolar y Beca; 2019. p. 114. Disponible en: https://www.junaeb.cl/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Informe-Mapa-Nutricional-2019.pdf

4. Del Aguilar Villar CM. Obesidad en el niño: factores de riesgo y estrategias para su prevención en Perú. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica. 2017;34(1):113.

5. Parks IB, Ramírez OEO, Bahena LGP, Wohlmuth RR. Los primeros mil días de vida. Una mirada rápida. An Med (Mex). 2016;61(4):313-8.

6. WHO. World Health Organization| Lactancia materna exclusiva. Washington, DC; Organización Mundial de la Salud. 20 de diciembre 2023 [acceso 08/03/2024]. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/nutrition/topics/exclusive_breastfeeding/es/

7. WHO. World Health Organization. Lactancia materna exclusiva para reducir el riesgo de sobrepeso y obesidad infantil. Washington, DC; Organización Mundial de la Salud. 20 dciciembre 2023 [acceso 08/03/2024]. Disponible en: http://www.who.int/elena/titles/breastfeeding_childhood_obesity/es/

8. WHO. World Health Organization.10 datos sobre la lactancia materna. Washington, DC; Organización Mundial de la Salud. 20 de diciembre 2023 [acceso 08/03/2024]. Disponible en: http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/breastfeeding/es/

9. Ministerio de Salud, Gobierno de Chile, Chile Crece Contigo. Norma Técnica para la Supervisión de salud integral de niños y niñas de 0 a 9 años en la Atención Primaria de Salud. Santiago, Chile; Ministerio de Salud. 2021. Disponible en: https://www.minsal.cl/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Capi%CC%81tulo-2-Web.pdf

10. Durán-Agüero S, Castro Villarroel P. Evolución de la lactancia materna exclusiva en Chile entre 2011 y 2015: ¿influyó el Permiso Postnatal Parental? Rev Esp Nutr Hum Diet. 2018;22(1):14.

11. Ministerio de Salud. Informe vigilancia del estado nutricional de la población bajo control y de la lactancia materna en el sistema público de Salud de Chile. Santiago, Chile; Ministerio de Salud. 2017 [acceso 08/03/2024]. Disponible en: http://www.bibliotecaminsal.cl/wp/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Informe-Vigilancia-Nutricional-2017.pdf

12. Abadía-Espés N. La lactancia materna como prevención de la obesidad infantil: revisión bibliográfica. Medicina Naturista. 2017;11(1):47-54.

13. Rito AI, Buoncristiano M, Spinelli A, Salanave B, Kunešová M, Hejgaard T, et al. Association between Characteristics at Birth, Breastfeeding and Obesity in 22 Countries: The WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative – COSI 2015/2017. Obes Facts. 2019;12(2):226-43.

14. Bartok CJ, Ventura AK. Mechanisms underlying the association between breastfeeding and obesity. International Journal of Pediatric Obesity. 2009;4(4):196-204.

15. Labraña AM, Ramírez-Alarcón K, Troncoso-Pantoja C, Leiva AM, Villagrán M, Mardones L, et al. Obesidad en lactantes: efecto protector de la lactancia materna versus fórmulas lácteas. Rev Chil Nutr. 2020;47(3):478-83.

16. Lasserre-Laso N, Inostroza-Saelzer V, Petermann-Rocha F, Martínez-Sanguinetti MA, Leiva-Ordoñez AM, Lanuza F, et al. Lactancia materna y su asociación con obesidad: Mecanismos que podrían explicar el rol protector en la infancia. Rev Chil Nutr. 2021;48(6):955-964.

17. Soldateli B, Vigo A, Giugliani ERJ. Effect of Pattern and Duration of Breastfeeding on the Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables among Preschool Children. Tsuchiya KJ. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(2).

18. Perrine CG, Galuska DA, Thompson FE, Scanlon KS. Breastfeeding Duration Is Associated With Child Diet at 6 Years. PEDIATRICS. 2014;134:50-5.

19. Bielemann RM, Santos LP, Costa C, Matijasevich A, Santos IS. Early feeding practices and consumption of ultraprocessed foods at 6 y of age: Findings from the 2004 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study. Nutrition. 2017;47:27-32.

20. Nissensohn M, Fuentes D, Serra-Majem Ll. Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and obesity in children’s meta-analyses: reaching wrong answers for right questions. Nutr Hosp. 2018;35(2):474-88.

21. Wang L, van Grieken A, van der Velde LA, Vlasblom E, Beltman M, L’Hoir MP, et al. Factors associated with early introduction of complementary feeding and consumption of non-recommended foods among Dutch infants: the BeeBOFT study. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1):388.

22. Castillo V, Mardones S, Rozowski N. Patrones alimentarios en embarazadas de bajo peso de la región metropolitana. Rev Chil Nutr. 2011;38(2):117-26.

23. Ministerio de Salud. Encuesta nacional de salud. Chile; 2017 [acceso 08/03/2024]. p. 61. Disponible en: https://www.minsal.cl/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/ENS-2016-17_PRIMEROS-RESULTADOS.pdf

24. Turcksin R, Bel S, Galjaard S, Devlieger R. Maternal obesity and breastfeeding intention, initiation, intensity and duration: a systematic review: Maternal obesity and breastfeeding. Matern Child Nutr. 2014;10(2):166-83.

25. Pino J, López MA, Medel A, Ortega A. Factores que inciden en la duración de la lactancia materna exclusiva en una comunidad rural de Chile. Rev. Chil. Nutr. 2013;40(1).

26. Zielinska MA, Hamulka J. Reasons for non-exclusive breast-feeding in the first 6 months. Pediatrics International. 2018;60(3):276-81.

27. Vos MB, Kaar JL, Welsh JA, Van Horn LV, Feig DI, Anderson CAM, et al. Added Sugars and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Children: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2017;135(19):e1017-e1034.

28. Organización Mundial de la Salud. Nota informativa sobre la ingesta de azucares recomendada en la directriz de la OMS para adultos y niños. 2015.

29. Cediel G, Reyes M, da Costa Louzada ML, Martinez Steele E, Monteiro CA, Corvalán C, et al. Ultra-processed foods and added sugars in the Chilean diet. Public Health Nutr. 2018;21(1):125-33.

30. Baek Y, Shim JE, Song S. Dietary intake of fat and fatty acids by 1–5-year-old children in Korea: a cross-sectional study based on data from the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Nutr Res Pract. 2018;12(4):324.

31. Husk JS, Keim SA. Breastfeeding and dietary variety among preterm children aged 1–3 years. Appetite. 2016;99:130-7.

32. Kheir F, Feeley N, Maximova K, Drapeau V, Henderson M, Van Hulst A. Breastfeeding duration in infancy and dietary intake in childhood and adolescence. Appetite. 2021;158:104999.

33. Fonseca PC de A, Ribeiro SAV, Andreoli CS, de Carvalho CA, Pessoa MC, de Novaes JF, et al. Association of exclusive breastfeeding duration with consumption of ultra-processed foods, fruit and vegetables in Brazilian children. Eur J Nutr. 2019;58(7):2887-94.

34. Bortolini G, Justo E, Bauermann M, Pacheco L. Breastfeeding is associated with childrens dietary diversity in brazil. Ciencia y saúde coletiva. 2019;24(11):4345-4356.

35. Salvador LSM, Ribas-Barba L. ¿Qué y cuánto comemos? El método Recuerdo de 24 horas. Revista Española de Nutrición Comunitaria. 2015;(2):42-4.

36. Thompson I, Ritchie L, Bradshaw P, Mujahid M, Au L. Earlier Introduction to Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Associated With Lower Diet Quality Among WIC Children at Age 3 years. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2021;53(11):912-920

37. Fulkerson JA. A Review of Associations Between Family or Shared Meal Frequency and Dietary and Weight Status Outcomes Across the Lifespan. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior. 2014;46(1):18.

38. Villares JMM, Segovia MJG. Alimentación del niño preescolar, escolar y del adolescente. Pediatr Integral. 2015;XIX(4): 268-276.

39. Mameli C, Mazzantini S, Zuccotti G. Nutrition in the First 1000 Days: The Origin of Childhood Obesity. IJERPH. 2016;13(9):838.

Published

2024-05-24

How to Cite

1.
Lasserre Laso NF, Cárdenas Navarrete M, Urrutia Jara L, Zañartu Fritz J, Rodríguez de la Barra E. Breastfeeding and Dietary Sugar and Fat Intake in Chilean Schoolchildren. Rev Cubana Pediatría [Internet]. 2024 May 24 [cited 2025 Jun. 28];96. Available from: https://revpediatria.sld.cu/index.php/ped/article/view/4120